Color coupler print - This process is the same one that creates your prints when you leave your roll of color film at the drugstore. A common brand name for a color coupler print is Kodak C print. It’s a complicated process; the name refers to colored dyes coupled with light-sensitive silver compounds. The colors in these prints look very natural, accounting for their popularity.
Dye bleach color print - There are three layers of gelatin on paper used to produce a dye bleach color print. Each layer contains light-sensitive silver halides and a colored dye. When the paper is exposed to light shown through a color negative, three positive images of dye and silver are produced, one on top of the other. Then the silver is bleached out, leaving only the color images. A common brand name for this type of color print is Cibachrome. These prints typically contain more contrast than those produced by other methods of color printing, making them more dramatic. They are also chemically stable and are appreciated for their durability.
Gelatin silver print - A fancy name for the common black-and-white photograph, this process has remained largely unchanged since it was introduced in the 1880s. Paper is coated with gelatin that holds light-sensitive silver halide particles. Light shone through a negative strikes the paper, activating the silver particles. The paper is placed in a chemical developing solution that allows the transformed silver particles to be seen by the human eye as black, white, and all the gray tones in between.
Hand-colored gelatin silver print - Color is added by hand to the surface of a black-and-white photograph. Artists have used a variety of media and techniques to hand-color photographs, including watercolor and other paints and dyes applied with brushes, cotton swabs and airbrushes. Carl Pope hand-colored his photographs with oil paint and brushes.
Large-format view camera - A large camera typically able to accommodate 4 x 5, 5 x 7 and 8 x 10-inch sheet film. It is called a view camera because of its ground-glass viewing screen, which shows the photographer exactly what the film will record. The image on the glass viewing screen is not very bright, and to see it clearly photographers put a black focusing cloth over the back of the camera, covering their heads. View cameras have adjustable parts, and problems of distortion or focus can be corrected by changing the positions of the lens and the back of the camera which holds the film.
Photogravure - French for “photo engraving,” this is an etching method used to reproduce photographs. A copper plate is covered with material that hardens upon exposure to light. The plate can be exposed by shining light through a negative as if the plate is photographic paper. Any material not struck by light remains soft and is washed away. The exposed area of the copper plate is etched in an acid bath, and inked and printed, transferring the original image onto paper. The copper plate can be inked and printed over and over, making it a good method for reproducing images in large quantities. Photogravures have a slightly grainy quality that pleased Alfred Stieglitz and other pictorialists, and most of the photos in Camera Work are reproduced by this process.
Rangefinder camera - A photographer using a rangefinder camera views the scene to be photographed through a peephole equipped with a simple lens system that approximates what the picture will be. A common brand name is Leica. This type of camera is often favored by street photographers and photojournalists because it is small, lightweight, and quiet.
Single-lens reflex camera - The viewing system of a single-lens reflex camera is built around a mirror. Light coming through the lens is reflected upward by a mirror (thus the name reflex), then to the back of the camera by a prism. This system allows the photographer to see what the camera lens sees through a viewfinder in the back of the camera. Single-lens reflex cameras have been made to hold a variety of film sizes over the years, and a wide number of accessories, such as flashes, are available. Since the photographer sees what the lens “sees,” this camera works well with all types of lenses. Today, exposure meters built into the camera are designed to allow photographers to measure light seen through the lens. All of these features make the single-lens reflex camera quick and easy to use. Most common are 35 mm cameras made by companies such as Nikon and Pentax.
Telex - Short for “teleprinter exchange,” telexes were messages transmitted over a global wire system by big, noisy machines that looked like typewriters. They were a forerunner to fax machines, but more sophisticated than telegrams, which had to be sent to a main telegraph office, translated from dots and dashes, then hand-delivered to the receiver. Telex machines were easily wired and not too expensive, so they were commonly found in offices that conducted international business.
Toy camera - Diana type - A mass produced plastic rangefinder camera primarily designed for children and beginning photographers. One brand popular during the 1950s was called Diana. These toy cameras lack the precision of more sophisticated rangefinder cameras. Their plastic lenses can cause distortion, there are typically just a few exposure settings, and the camera cannot be focused.

Twin-lens reflex camera - Similar to the single-lens reflex camera, the twin-lens reflex camera contains a mirror that reflects light onto a ground-glass viewing screen at the top of the camera. The photographer holds the camera at waist level and looks down onto the viewing screen to see the image the camera sees through the viewing lens. The twin-lens reflex camera has a second lens below the viewing lens that directs light onto the film. The result is that the photographer views an image projected by one lens, while the film is exposed through another. Since the lenses are placed one above the other on the front of the camera there is usually only a slight difference in what the two lenses “see.”